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A Tribute to Syed Ali Shah Geelani: A Lasting Symbol of Rebellion against Oppression

 

Syed Ali Shah Geelani (29 September 1929 – 1 September 2021)

1st death anniversary of the Hurriyat leader who fought for occupied Jammu and Kashmir's freedom. All Kashmiris and Pakistanis honor his sacrifices and struggle to voice against Indian oppression

The name of Kashmir and its freedom leader Syed Ali Shah Geelani are not separate words. He was a prominent freedom fighter who passed away on September 1, 2021, in Jammu & Kashmir. He was a popular leader in Pakistan too, as he spoke against the inhuman and unjust Indian occupation in Kashmir and stood firm on his belief in the two-nation theory even when he was not living in Pakistan. He recognized the fact Kashmiri having a Muslim majority population cannot live in Illegally Indian Occupied Jammu and Kashmir (IIOJK) as its difficult for a Muslim to live in India as it is for a fish to live in a desert.

Geelani has spent his entire life working to liberate Kashmir from India, and his politics have remained surprisingly constant during that time. He was a symbol of the Kashmir war. He gave a lot of his services and sacrifices to the Kashmir cause. He desired that Kashmir be annexed by Pakistan. His life began with his people's fight for free land. As a result of his opposition to Indian control in the invaded region, he spent several years in various Indian prisons. He was imprisoned and tortured to physical and mental abuse, yet he never submitted to the occupiers' troops until he died.

Geelani started his career as a teacher at Sopore in North Kashmir after studying Islamic education in Lahore. He then entered politics and served J&K's Legislative Assembly three times. Maulana Mohammad Sayyid Masoodi, a pro-independence Kashmiri politician who was murdered by rebels in December 1990 at the age of 87, served as his initial tutor. But in the early 1950s, he came upon the works of Jamaat-i-Islami founder Maulana Abul Ala Maududi which changed the path of his future life. He began advocating for the territory's union with Pakistan in the early 1960s. As a member of the Kashmir legislature, he actively promoted his separatist views. Geelani had been a source of contention for India. After 1962, the senior politician was imprisoned for over ten years and was under house arrest.

Geelani is the author of several novels and was a prolific writer. During his time in jail, he penned more than 20 works, including his autobiography Wular kinaray (on the bank of Wular). His Urdu written works offer a profound window to his soul.

Geelani played a  crucial role in the creation of the Muslim United Front (MUF) in 1987, ahead of provincial elections, when all Muslim parties united under a single platform to oppose pro-India groups like the National Conference. Due to suspected rigging, just four candidates from the platform, including Geelani, were able to obtain seats. The Indian government imprisoned him and three other winners without any valid reason.

Geelani has been a member of Jamaat-i-Islami, which was outlawed by the Hindu nationalist government in 2019. After the region abolished Article 370, which provided Kashmir special status, on August 5, 2019, Geelani was confined to his home due to his failing health. Many Muslim Kashmiris support the objective of unifying the land, either under Pakistani control or as a separate country.

 Geelani was a part of the All Parties Hurriyat Conference; a conglomerate of various Kashmiri politicals which worked to spearhead a movement for the region’s right to self-determination. The Hurriyat Conference (Geelani) is made up of more than 24 constituent parties, some of which have only a few members.Later, Geelani resigned as chairman of the All Parties Hurriyat Conference (APHC), which he had led since its inception in 1993 as a political arm of the anti-India movement. In 2003, he was elected as the organization's life chairman.

 As India started their work to demographically change the Kashmir population by inviting Indians to buy land and open businesses in the illegally occupied valley. He took his clear unchanging stance and said, “Kashmir was (as per the terms of partition) a natural part of Pakistan. And it is a natural part of Pakistan. At the time of the partition in 1947, we had 85 percent Muslim population in the whole of Jammu & Kashmir.”He also said, “Not only do we share boundaries with Pakistan but we also relate to Pakistan so far as our geographical, cultural, and religious affiliations are concerned. Now, why am I also open to the idea of independent Kashmir? As a leader, I can’t reject the voice of the people.”

Since, the armed revolt against Indian sovereignty began in 1989, tens of thousands of civilians, rebels, and government soldiers have been murdered in the struggle. It was his tenacity in the face of hardship that gained him a special place in the hearts of many Kashmiris. Among those who followed his example of leadership are Mohammed Ashraf Sahrai, Miyaan Abdul Qayoom and Aasiya Indrabi, all of whom have been in and out of prisons.

As a strong advocate of IIOJ&K, Syed Ali Geelani provoked the fury of the Indian government with his stance on the Kashmir conflict. His fervent support of Pakistan's accession to Jammu and Kashmir echoed through the whole region. His whole freedom effort was focused on obtaining Pakistan's admission to and separation from India. He claimed that Kashmiris could only get Azadi by enlisting in Pakistan. To the Kashmiri youth, he exclaimed, "Hum Pakistani Hain, Pakistan Hamara hai". In his opinion, India cannot be trusted,  unless it declares Kashmir a disputed territory, demilitarises the area, and frees political prisoners to allow for genuine engagement.

Syed Ali Shah Geelani, a three-time MLA and outspoken supporter of Pakistan, dominated separatist politics for nearly three decades and was called "hartal man" for issuing repeated bandh calls as part of a plot to undermine law and order in the occupied Kashmir valley.

On 14 August 2020, Pakistani President Arif Alvi conferred Nishan-e-Pakistan, Pakistan’s highest civil award on Geelani to recognize his decades-long struggle for Kashmiris’ right to self-determination.

Geelani's death comes at a time when many Kashmiris believe the area has grown even more violent because the federal government abolished the territory's autonomy. He was a peace activist that believed the freedom movement should work "to educate the people" and activate them in "a systematized but peaceful struggle" for the implementation of "the UN resolutions" on Kashmir, which had called for a referendum to choose Indian or Pakistani sovereignty in the late 1940s and 1950s. Geelani's health had suffered greatly as a result of his 11-year house detention, and his condition deteriorate.

Following Geenlani's death, thousands of police and paramilitary personnel took control of the roads to keep people from reaching his home. Dr. Naeem Geelani thinks that Indian officials have been rehearsing and planning the entire operation for months in preparation for Geelani's death from (at least) August 2019. Syed Ali Shah Geelani died at the age of 91 in Srinagar on September 1, 2021. Only a few hundred people, including his relatives and neighbors, were allowed to attend his funeral in a graveyard near his house. Pakistan also mourned the veteran leader's death. Kashmir’s recent years of civilian protests, the slogan “Na Jhukne Wala Geelani! Na Bikne Wala, Geelani!” were the war cries on the streets.

His funeral was also very symbolic as it showed the fear of India from Kashmiri leaders in Indian-occupied Kashmir. His funeral served as a powerful allegory for the Kashmiri movement and the fear associated with it. The people of Kashmir wanted him to be buried in the martyrs' cemetery but government forces took his body which his family had draped with the flag of Pakistan. Syed Ali Geelani will always be recognized for his fearlessness, straightforwardness, and his debating talents.

He relentlessly battled for Kashmiris' identity and independence as a Pro-Pakistani. His name will always appear whenever the history of nonviolent independence movements is written. This battle for Kashmir's freedom would continue even after the martyrdom of Syed Ali Geelani, and one day it will be successful.

India has attempted to enslave the Kashmiri people and suppress their justifiable fight while repeatedly violating their every right. As a result of the sacrifices made by tenacious Kashmiris like Syed Ali Geelani, Burhan Wani, and Riyaz Naikoo, the liberation movement in Kashmir has endured decades of repression only gotten stronger. They have reignited a brand-new intifada in Kashmir that will never go away in IIOJK. Repressive measures such as forced arrests, arbitrary detentions, and executions by Indian brute force would not quench the fiery spirits of Kashmiris. The unavoidable destiny of Kashmiris is to liberate themselves from India, their oppressor, and they are determined to accomplish it.

The All Parties Hurriyat Conference (APHC) has called on the people of IIOJK to march to Hyderpora in Srinagar on September 1, 2022, to pay respect to Syed Ali Gilani, the icon of the Kashmir resistance struggle, on his first martyrdom anniversary.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


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